2061: Odyssey Three

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Halley's calculations enabled the comet's earlier appearances to be found in the historical record. The following table sets out the astronomical designations for every apparition of Halley's Comet from 240BC, the earliest documented widespread sighting. [7] [136] For example, "1P/1982U1, 1986III, 1982i" indicates that for the perihelion in 1986, Halley was the first period comet known (designated 1P) and this apparition was the first seen in half-month U (the second half of October) [137] in 1982 (giving 1P/1982 U1); it was the third comet past perihelion in 1986 (1986 III); and it was the ninth comet spotted in 1982 ( provisional designation 1982i). The perihelion dates of each apparition are shown. [138] The perihelion dates farther from the present are approximate, mainly because of uncertainties in the modelling of non-gravitational effects. Perihelion dates of 1531 and earlier are in the Julian calendar, while perihelion dates 1607 and after are in the Gregorian calendar. [139] Designation Seen for over two months in China. Recorded in England and depicted on the later Bayeux tapestry which portrayed the events of that year. Depicted on the Eadwine Psalter, with the remark that such "hairy stars" appeared rarely, "and then as a portent".

Halley's apparition of 1456 was also witnessed in Kashmir and depicted in great detail by Śrīvara, a Sanskrit poet and biographer to the Sultans of Kashmir. He read the apparition as a cometary portent of doom foreshadowing the imminent fall of Sultan Zayn al-Abidin (AD 1418/1420–1470). [86] Botley, Cicely M. (1971). "The Legend of 1P/Halley 1456". The Observatory. 91: 125–126. Bibcode: 1971Obs....91..125B. Halley, Edmund (1705). A synopsis of the astronomy of comets. Oxford: John Senex . Retrieved 16 June 2020– via Internet Archive. This appearance of the comet is also noted in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Eilmer of Malmesbury may have seen Halley in 989 and 1066, as recorded by William of Malmesbury: In the years that followed, an era of unequaled peace and prosperity flourished in the silent presence of the aliens. Man continued to expand slowly into the solar system, careful not to violate the alien’s injunction--until a report is received that a spaceship has crashed into Europa’s ocean and is floating helplessly. Heywood Floyd, head of the American contingent of the 2010 Leonov expedition--still hale and hearty after all these years because of the age-retarding effects of his zero-gravity orbiting rest home -- finds himself thrown into the action when the Halley’s comet expedition on which he has been invited is diverted onto a high-speed sprint to Europa and a rescue attempt.When the comet was first seen, it appeared in the western sky, its head toward the north and tail towards the south, about horizontal and considerably above the horizon and quite a distance south of the Sun. It could be plainly seen directly after sunset every day, and was visible for a long time, perhaps a month ... Is Dr. Heywood Floyd an interesting main character? Does he show growth and change in his personality, or does Clarke mainly expose portions of the man's personal history without really developing him as an individual? Astrophotography was not known to have been attempted until 1839, as photography was still being invented in the 1830s, too late to photograph the apparition of 1P/Halley in 1835. [98] The Giotto and Vega missions gave planetary scientists their first view of Halley's surface and structure. Like all comets, as Halley nears the Sun, its volatile compounds (those with low boiling points, such as water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and other ices) begin to sublimate from the surface of its nucleus. [51] This causes the comet to develop a coma, or atmosphere, up to 100,000 kilometres (62,000mi) across. [8] Evaporation of this dirty ice releases dust particles, which travel with the gas away from the nucleus. Gas molecules in the coma absorb solar light and then re-radiate it at different wavelengths, a phenomenon known as fluorescence, whereas dust particles scatter the solar light. Both processes are responsible for making the coma visible. [15] As a fraction of the gas molecules in the coma are ionized by the solar ultraviolet radiation, [15] pressure from the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emitted by the Sun, pulls the coma's ions out into a long tail, which may extend more than 100millionkilometres into space. [51] [52] Changes in the flow of the solar wind can cause disconnection events, in which the tail completely breaks off from the nucleus. [17]

Son of Charlemagne: A Contemporary Life of Louis the Pious. Translated by Cabaniss, Allen. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press. 1961. p.113. ISBN 978-0-8156-2031-0. Described by the Chinese as bluish-white in colour. Described in Tamil literature and death of Chera ( Yanaikatchai Mantaran Cheral Irumporai) king after appearance of comet. [141] It's less thought-provoking and ambiguous, but fairly entertaining and paid tributes without insulting the original. The film even did well in the box-office so it's a bit head scratching that they never thought of doing the sequels afterward.

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Peale, Stanton J. (1989). "On the density of Halley's comet". Icarus. 82 (1): 36–49. Bibcode: 1989Icar...82...36P. doi: 10.1016/0019-1035(89)90021-3. densities obtained by this procedure are in reasonable agreement with intuitive expectations of densities near 1g/cm3, the uncertainties in several parameters and assumptions expand the error bars so far as to make the constraints on the density uniformative... suggestion that cometary nuclei tend to by very fluffy,... should not yet be adopted as a paradigm of cometary physics.

Platina's account is not mentioned in official records. In the 18th century, a Frenchman further embellished the story, in anger at the Church, by claiming that the Pope had "excommunicated" the comet, though this story was most likely his own invention. [85] Time Zone: AEST - Australian Eastern Standard Time (UTC+10), AEDT - Australian Eastern Daylight Time (UTC+11) Yeomans, Donald Keith (1991). Comets: A Chronological History of Observation, Science, Myth, and Folklore. Wiley and Sons. p. 4. ISBN 0-471-61011-9. Chris Iggo, chair of the AXA Investment Management Investment Institute, takes the view that investors should recognise that there is value in the bond market due to high yields, but not jump in and be fully invested just yet. a b "The Annals of Ulster AD431–1201". Corpus of Electronic Texts. University College Cork . Retrieved 7 January 2010.It soon becomes evident that the landing was not an accident at all, but a planned mission aimed at discovering the nature of a stupendous mountain that had appeared suddenly on Europa’s cloud-shrouded surface, in defiance of all laws of geological evolution--a secret that turns out to be literally shattering. Western tradition has often advanced the premise that "the truth shall make you free." American culture has long valued "freedom of the press." Who are the writers and journalists in 2061? Do they work to discover "truth" that leads to some improvement in, or maintenance of, "freedom" for their society? I think Denis Villeneuve (Prisoners, Sicario, Arrival, Blade Runner 2049) is a perfect director to adapt 2061: Odyssey Three, the sequel to 2010. Clifford Greenberg: First man to set foot on Mercury, "Cliff" is another of the celebrity passengers. He later becomes an honorary crew-member and is a more "useful" passenger due to his spaceflight experience.